Analysis of Activated Charcoal Production in Updraft-Type Gasification Using Organic Waste

Abstract

Environmental pollution occurs due to the accumulation of buried waste, causing air pollution due to the odor produced. A way is needed to overcome this problem, one of which is by burning using pyrolysis technology (combustion without oxygen) with an updraft-type gasifier. Waste burning is carried out to produce activated charcoal from the gasification process. This research aims to determine the characteristics of activated charcoal from raw organic waste materials and to compare the production results of activated charcoal from each organic material (corn cobs, coconut fiber, and mixed waste). The research used experimental methods to test the characteristics of activated charcoal resulting from organic waste gasification. The parameters observed were the yield value, water content, ash content, and iodine absorption capacity of activated charcoal. The characteristics of activated charcoal formed from corn cobs have a yield value of 78%, water content of 64,333%, ash content of 6.138%, and iodine absorption of 1,123.618 mg/g. The characteristics of activated charcoal from coconut fiber have a yield value of 90,4%, water content of 60,333%, ash content of 6.210%, and iodine absorption of 1,955.888 mg/g. Mixed waste has a yield value of 89%, water content of 70,667%, ash content of 1.968%, and iodine absorption of 1,150.606 mg/g. The comparison of the production results of activated charcoal formed from 20 kg of organic waste material is mixed waste 38.8 g, corn cobs 10.51 g, and coconut fiber 8.88 g.