The Effectiveness of Betel (Piper betle Linn.) Leaf Extract in Controlling Argulus sp. in Koi Carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Abstract

Koi (Cyprinus carpio) are a type of ornamental fish with high economic value. The main problem faced by koi fish business operators and enthusiasts is infestation by the parasite Argulus sp. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of betel leaf extract in controlling Argulus sp. parasites in koi fish and to determine the most effective dose of betel leaf extract for controlling Argulus sp. parasites in koi fish. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments: Treatment K (control) with a betel leaf extract dose of 0 mL/L, Treatment 1 (P1) with a dose of 25 mL/L, Treatment 2 (P2) at a dose of 30 mL/L, Treatment 3 (P3) at a dose of 35 mL/L, and three replicates for each. The observed parameters included Argulus sp. mortality, fish survival rate (SR), behavioral response, and water quality. The results of the study showed that betel leaf extract had a significant effect (p<0.05) on the mortality of Argulus sp., with the highest value observed in P3 at a dose of 35 mL/L (98%), while the highest survival rate was obtained in P2 at a dose of 30 mL/L (93.33%).