Design of a Drip Iirrigation System using Soil Moisture Sensor SEN0308 based on ESP32 Microcontroller

Abstract

Automation in the field of agriculture is increasingly developing alongside the advancement of technology. This research aims to design and develop an automatic drip irrigation system using the SEN0308 soil moisture sensor controlled by an ESP32 microcontroller. The research method employed is an experimental approach, where the system is designed to detect soil moisture and perform irrigation automatically based on the data received. The system not only detects soil moisture and performs automatic watering as a parameter but also measures air temperature (°C), air humidity (%), and soil temperature (°C) for 1 day at 10-minute intervals. The SEN0308 soil moisture sensor operates optimally; when the soil moisture level drops below 21%, the servo opens to initiate irrigation and closes again when the moisture level reaches 43% or higher. The lowest air temperature occurred at 4:36 AM, which was 24°C, with a humidity of 81.96%. The highest air temperature occurred at 2:18 PM, which was 52.56°C, with a humidity of 23.1%. The highest ground temperature was recorded at 4:18 PM 31°C, and the lowest at 6:57 AM, which was 23.38°C. The automatic drip irrigation system based on the ESP32 microcontroller has been successfully designed and can efficiently manage irrigation scheduling, thus reducing dependence on manual intervention in the plant watering process. This system offers a practical solution for improved irrigation management in the agricultural sector.