Penyakit Human Immunodeficiency Virus sebagai Faktor Resiko pada Pasien Sifilis di Puskesmas Dasan Agung

Abstract

Abstract: WHO in 2023 reported an increase in HIV prevalence in the world from 2010 – 2022 by around 23.8% from 31.5 million to 39 million. In addition, it was reported that the number of new HIV infections had decreased by 59% since its peak in 1995, from around 3.2 million to 1.3 million. HIV can be transmitted through sexual contact, non-sexual contact, and transmission from mother to fetus. In controlling HIV, STIs are the entry point for HIV infection, especially in syphilis which has become a global problem. Syphilis can increase the risk of HIV infection up to 300 times. HIV epidemic in Indonesia has been closely related to the increase of syphilis cases, both in high risk and general populations. This research is an unpaired categorical analytic with a case-control research design. This research was conducted at Puskesmas Dasan Agung, West Nusa Tenggara, from March to April 2024. The minimum number of samples required was 152 samples. This study used consecutive sampling with STI patient registration books from 2022 - 2023 to take samples. The inclusion criteria used in this study were all patients with HIV who had undergone laboratory tests at Puskesmas Dasan Agung. The exclusion criteria used were pregnant women. A total of 192 samples were collected. In this study it was found that syphilis patients had 3.93 times higher risk of HIV infection (p<0.001; CI 95%). Meanwhile, MSM patients had 2.69 times higher risk of HIV/syphilis co-infection (p=0.023; CI 95%). Keywords: Syphilis, HIV, Risk Factors, MSM