Sulfonilurea Menyebabkan Hipoglikemia Berat pada Pasien Lanjut Usia Dengan DM Tipe 2: Laporan Kasus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29303/jk.v13i1.4142Keywords:
Diabetes melitus, hipoglikemia, sulfonilurea.Abstract
Abstrak: Hipoglikemia merupakan suatu kondisi yang disebabkan oleh efek samping penggunaan obat-obatan anti-diabetes pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2. Hipoglikemia terjadi akibat peningkatan insulin dan penurunan kadar gula dalam darah. Jika hipoglikemia tidak ditangani dengan tepat, maka akan terjadi kerusakan otak permanen yang dapat menyebabkan kematian. Seorang pasien wanita berusia 80 tahun dibawa ke Instalasi Gawat Darurat (IGD) dengan keluhan lemas, keringat dingin, sulit diajak berkomunikasi, dan mengalami penurunan kesadaran setelah mengonsumsi glimepiride 2 mg. Pasien telah mengonsumsi obat-obatan anti-diabetes selama beberapa tahun karena kontrol gula darah yang buruk dan tidak pernah mengalami episode hipoglikemik sebelumnya. Pasien memiliki riwayat diabetes melitus dan diterapi dengan obat-obatan metformin 3x500 mg dan glimepiride 1x2 mg. Ketika tiba di IGD, gula darah acaknya menunjukkan hasil 20 mg/dL. Pasien ditatalaksana secara konservatif dengan pemberian dekstrosa 40% melalui intravena sebanyak 75 mL. Pemberian obat anti-diabetes glimepiride dan metformin dihentikan sementara. Lima belas menit setelah pemberian dekstrosa 40%, pasien membaik yang ditandai dengan peningkatan gula darah acak menjadi 95 mg/dL. Glimepiride merupakan obat anti-diabetes golongan sulfonilurea yang memiliki efek samping, yaitu menyebabkan hipoglikemia.Downloads
Published
2024-05-21
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