Development of a Community-Based Sustainable Coral Reef Ecosystem Conservation Model through the Integration of Local Wisdom and Scientific Approaches in North Lombok Regency

Abstrak

Coral reef ecosystems in North Lombok Regency are increasingly threatened by overfishing, destructive practices, pollution, and climate change, despite their vital role in supporting biodiversity and coastal livelihoods. This study aims to identify and analyze the ecological, socio-economic conditions, and local wisdom of coastal communities in the development of a community-based sustainable marine conservation model in North Lombok Regency. Sampling was conducted using purposive sampling on 50 respondents consisting of fishermen, marine tourism operators, and coastal communities involved in the utilization of marine resources. Data collection methods included field surveys, coral reef condition observations, water quality parameter measurements, and the distribution of questionnaires and in-depth interviews. Data analysis used a quantitative and qualitative descriptive approach integrated into the formulation of a conceptual model. The results showed that (1) live coral cover was in the good category, ranging from 60 to 70%, and was supported by relatively stable water quality parameters, (2) the community had a high level of economic dependence on marine resources, (3) local wisdom such as Awig-awig still plays a role in regulating resource use, but has not been systematically integrated with a scientific approach, and (4) the development of a conservation model that integrates quantitative biophysical data with social legitimacy based on local wisdom within the village institutional framework is considered feasible to implement. This model emphasizes the importance of community participation, regional policy support, technical assistance, and conservation-based economic incentives to ensure ecosystem sustainability and the welfare of coastal communities.