Analysis of Air Velocity on The Performance of Updraft Gasifier Type For Organic Waste Degradation

Abstract

Organic waste is the type of waste that is most commonly produced by community. so far, waste processing by communities in various regions is still not optimal. Based on data from the National Waste Management Information System of the Ministry of Environment and Forestry in 2022, input results from 202 districts/cities throughout Indonesia stated that the amount of national waste stockpiled reached 21.1 million tons. Of the total national waste production, 65.71% (13.9 million tons) can be managed, while the remaining 34.29% (7.2 million tons) has not been managed well (Bimo, 2023). One way to process organic waste is through a gasification process using an updraft gasifier type. The aim of this research is to determine the performance, gas emition quality and efficiency of an updraft gasifier type for organic waste degradation at various air velocities. The research method used is an experimental method. The research parameters are temperature, combustion rate, gas emition quality, and gasification efficiency. The results of the research show that the best performance of the updraft gasifier type for organic waste degradation was obtained at an air speed of 18 m/s with the fastest combustion rate being 15.4 kg/hour with the highest temperature being 514.1˚C, while the low performance was at a speed of 6 m/s with the longest burning rate of 7.5 kg/hour with the highest temperature of 335.4˚C. The gas emition quality of produced in the degradation process is still low. The highest efficiency at an air speed of 18 m/s was 94% and the lowest efficiency was obtained at an air speed of 6 m/s is 37%.