https://journal.unram.ac.id/index.php/jku/issue/feed Unram Medical Journal 2024-07-03T01:06:19+00:00 Ida Ayu Eka Widiastuti jku.fk@unram.ac.id Open Journal Systems <p>Jurnal Kedokteran (Unram Medical Journal)</p> <p>Online ISSN: <a href="https://issn.brin.go.id/terbit/detail/1465441327">2527-7154</a></p> <p>Print ISSN: <a href="https://issn.brin.go.id/terbit/detail/1339031250">2301-5977</a></p> https://journal.unram.ac.id/index.php/jku/article/view/4046 The Role and Mechanism of Action of Regdanvimab in the Treatment of COVID-19 2024-06-30T12:11:03+00:00 Fariz Nurwidya fariz.nurwidya@ui.ac.id Itsna Arifatuz Zulfiyah itsna.arifatuz.zulfiyah-2022@fk.unair.ac.id Moulid Hidayat moulid.hidayat.md@unram.ac.id Ammar Abdurrahman Hasyim hasyimaa@p.kanazawa-u.ac.jp <p>The neutralizing antibody can be one of the promising treatments to fight the COVID-19 pandemic, based on the previous coronavirus outbreak. Regdanvimab (CT-P59) is a new monoclonal antibody developed by Celltrion that targets the receptor-binding domain (RBD) in the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2. After the previous monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) approved by WHO, casirivimab, and imdevimab, regdanvimab has now received its first approval as the COVID-19 treatment in elderly patients aged &gt;50 years old or at least one medical condition, including obesity, cardiovascular disease, chronic lung disease, diabetes, and ongoing immunosuppressive agents, and adult patients with moderate symptoms in South Korea. The attachment of regdanvimab to the RBD directly covers the SARS-CoV-2 binding surface area to the ACE2, which eventually inhibits the virus recognition and entry into the host cell. Therefore, regdanvimab can be used to reduce the viral titer in combination with the present antiviral therapies. The clinical trials of regdanvimab reported that a single intravenous administration of regdanvimab is associated with a shorter recovery time and a lower hospital admission and oxygen therapy requirement than the placebo.</p> 2024-06-27T22:45:46+00:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Unram Medical Journal https://journal.unram.ac.id/index.php/jku/article/view/4387 Abdominal Tuberculosis in A Child Mimicking Periappendicular Infiltrate: A Case Report 2024-06-30T12:11:03+00:00 Anggreyani Debora Siahaan reredeb25@gmail.com Yulia Sitta Dewi yuliasittadewi@gmail.com D. P. Oka Pertama dpokapertama@gmail.com <p>Tuberkulosis (TB) abdomen merupakan penyakit tuberkulosis ekstra paru yang jarang dijumpai dan mewakili persentase yang sangat rendah dari semua kasus tuberkulosis. &nbsp;Pada populasi anak, TB abdomen masih merupakan tantangan dalam hal diagnosis dikarenakan gejala klinis yang tidak spesifik dan uji diagnostik yang belum memadai. Gejala yang sering dijumpai berupa demam, nyeri perut, diare atau konstipasi, asites dan penurunan berat badan. Penyakit ini&nbsp; sering di diagnosis sebagai penyakit infeksi saluran cerna lainnya dan menyebabkan keterlambatan penanganan sehingga meningkatkan angka morbiditas dan mortalitas pada anak. Berikut akan dilaporkan sebuah kasus TB abdomen pada anak perempuan berumur 15 tahun yang memiliki gejala demam, nyeri perut dan penurunan berat badan. Saat ini pasien sedang mendapatkan terapi OAT dan didapati respon terapi yang baik.</p> <p>Kata kunci: tuberkulosis; abdomen; anak; nekrosis kaseosa</p> 2024-06-27T23:19:51+00:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Unram Medical Journal https://journal.unram.ac.id/index.php/jku/article/view/4409 Succesfull Bypassing Agent Treatment in Intra Cranial Bleeding Hemophilia A Patient with High Titer Inhibitor: a Case Report 2024-06-30T12:11:04+00:00 Yudhi Kurniawan yuta1310@gmail.com <p>Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) is one of the major bleeding&nbsp; events&nbsp; causing&nbsp; mortality&nbsp; and&nbsp; long-term&nbsp; morbidity&nbsp; in&nbsp; children with hemophilia, especially those who receive on-demand &nbsp;therapy. Children with hemophilia have a greater risk of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) than the general population, with&nbsp; estimated&nbsp; prevalences&nbsp; of&nbsp; 3.5-4%&nbsp; of&nbsp; neonates,&nbsp; and&nbsp; 3-10%&nbsp; of&nbsp; children&nbsp; over&nbsp; age&nbsp; 1&nbsp; to&nbsp; 17-year-old&nbsp; with&nbsp; hemophilia.The&nbsp; mortality&nbsp; rate&nbsp; of&nbsp; hemophilia patients with ICH is 20-25%. The development of neutralizing antibodies (inhibitors) against infused factor VIII currently represents the main complication of replacement therapy in patients with severe hemophilia A. Inhibitors, indeed, particularly high-titer inhibitors (&gt;5 BU/mL), greatly complicate the management of bleeding, exposing patients to an increased morbidity and mortality risk, thus representing a significant burden for physicians of Hemophilia Treatment Centers (HTCs). Although bypassing agents (i.e., activated prothrombin complex concentrate [APCC] and recombinant activated factor VII [rFVIIa]) are available for the treatment and prevention of bleeding in inhibitor patients, their efficacy, safety, and cost–benefit outcomes are poorly known in the long term and should be further improved.</p> 2024-06-28T00:13:04+00:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Unram Medical Journal https://journal.unram.ac.id/index.php/jku/article/view/4500 Uji Aktivitas Antijamur Kombinasi Ekstrak Lidah Buaya (Aloe vera) dan Kulit Jeruk Nipis (Citrus aurantifolia) terhadap Jamur Trichophyton sp. Penyebab Tinea Kruris 2024-07-03T01:06:19+00:00 Al Hafiez Ariouso hafizari2000@gmail.com <table width="688"> <tbody> <tr> <td rowspan="4" width="499"> <p><strong>Abstract:</strong> Tinea Kruris merupakan dermatofitosis yang ditemukan pada kulit daerah sela paha, genitalia, daerah pubis, perineal, dan perianal. Tinea kruris disebabkan oleh jamur dermatofita seperti Tricophyton rubrum, Epidermophyton floccosum, Trichopyton mentagrophytes, dsb. Pengobatan tinea kruris saat ini banyak menggunakan obat – obatan sintetis baik oral maupun topikal. Namun, penggunaan obat sintetis menimbulkan banyak kerugian seperti resistensi. Untuk itu, diperlukan alternatif pengobatan dengan aktivitas antijamur yang lebih baik. Lidah buaya dan kulit jeruk nipis diketahui memiliki berbagai senyawa metabolit sekunder yang memiliki sifat antifungi dengan mengganggu aktifitas sel jamur. Oleh karena itu, peneliti ingin menguji apakah kombinasi lidah buaya dan kulit jeruk nipis mampu menghambat pertumbuhan jamur Trichophyton sp. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode eksperimental yang dilakukan dengan menghitung diameter zona hambat ekstrak lidah buaya dan kulit jeruk nipis. Penelitian ini meliputi proses pengambilan sampel jamur dari pasien, purifikasi jamur, ekstraksi lidah buaya dan kulit jeruk nipis menggunakan metode maserasi, uji enzim proteolitik dan keratinolitik pada jamur, dan uji aktivitas antifungi dengan metode difusi cakram. Analisis dilakukan secara statistik menggunakan uji one way ANOVA dengan signifikansi p=0,05. Hasil analisis one way ANOVA yang menunjukkan bahwa larutan ekstrak kombinasi lidah buaya dan kulit jeruk nipis konsentrasi 100% memiliki perbedaan yang signifikan terhadap ekstrak konsentrasi 75% dan 50% dalam menghambat pertumbuhan jamur Tricophyton sp. (p&lt;0,05)</p> <p><strong>&nbsp;</strong></p> </td> <td width="0">&nbsp;</td> </tr> <tr> <td width="499"> <p><strong>Keywords:</strong> Tinea kruris, <em>Tricophyton </em>sp., antijamur</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> </td> <td width="0"> <p>&nbsp;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> 2024-06-28T18:51:36+00:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Unram Medical Journal https://journal.unram.ac.id/index.php/jku/article/view/4490 Navigating Virtual Reality: Exploring the Effectiveness and Challenges of VR Integration in Medical Faculty Universitas Warmadewa 2024-06-30T12:11:04+00:00 Adi Pratama adi.pendet@gmail.com I Made Pariartha med.pariartha@gmail.com Ni Wayan Diana Ekayani ekayanidiana@gmail.com <p>Virtual Reality (VR) technology has emerged as a promising tool in the realm of medical education, offering immersive and interactive learning experiences that transcend traditional teaching methods. Despite the potential benefits, the widespread adoption of VR technology in medical faculties faces various challenges. This article aims to investigate the effectiveness, barriers, and enablers of VR in medical faculty Universitas Warmadewa Denpasar, Indonesia.&nbsp; The participant consisted of 30 second year medical students and 30 teachers specializing in various disciplines within the medical field. Medical students completed the Anatomy VR Learning Experience Questionnaire (AVRLEQ), designed to gauge their perceptions and experiences with Anatomy VR learning.&nbsp; Teachers were administered the Barriers and Enablers to the Use of Virtual Worlds in Higher Education Questionnaires. Result from the Likert scale questionnaire medical students following their use of VR for anatomy study revealed positive perceptions regarding VR's efficacy as a learning tool. Medical teachers also following their use of anatomy VR technology provide a compelling insight into the perceptions of educators regarding its effectiveness. In summary, the study highlights the potential benefits of integrating VR technology into medical education, such as improved learning outcomes and increased student engagement. However, it also underscores the importance of addressing barriers, particularly the need for computational proficiency, through adequate training and support mechanisms. These insights are valuable for educators and policymakers seeking to enhance medical education through innovative technologies like VR.</p> 2024-06-28T19:00:39+00:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Unram Medical Journal https://journal.unram.ac.id/index.php/jku/article/view/4506 Pengaruh Stres Psikologis pada Dermatitis Atopik Tipe Anak: Sebuah Tinjauan Sistematis 2024-07-03T01:06:01+00:00 Bayu Putra Wibowo bayuputrawibowo@gmail.com Bagas Ekasangga Sasongko bagassasongko40@gmail.com Dedianto Hidajat dedianto@unram.ac.id <p>Dermatitis atopik (DA) merupakan inflamasi kronik yang menyerang 10-30% anak di seluruh dunia dan sebagian kecil bertahan hingga dewasa. Etiologi pasti DA masih belum diketahui, namun stres psikologis dicurigai menjadi salah satu pemicu terjadinya DA dengan mekanisme yang belum secara jelas dipahami. Stres psikologis dapat mempengaruhi hormon dan disregulasi mediator biokimia dalam tubuh yang berkontribusi pada patofisiologi DA. Pencarian literatur dilakukan pada pusat data seperti Pubmed dan Google Scholar sesuai dengan kata kunci yang telah ditentukan menggunakan alur Preferred Reporting System for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA). Hasil pencarian kemudian disaring sesuai kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi yang ditentukan, kemudian dinilai kualitasnya menggunakan instrumen penilaian yang sesuai. Sejumlah 231.643 pasien dengan rentang umur 2-17 tahun dari 4 studi akhir yang digunakan menunjukkan bahwa anak-anak yang mengalami stres psikologis, baik karena gangguan psikologis yang dimiliki ataupun secara tidak langsung melalui pengelolaan penyakit oleh orang tua pasien memiliki kecenderungan mengalami DA dibandingkan anak-anak normal. Hal ini berkaitan dengan stres yang mempengaruhi aksis hipotalamus-hipofisis-adrenal (HPA) meningkatkan sitokin-sitokin pro inflamasi dan kortisol sehingga mempengaruhi perubahan pada kulit. Stres pada anak memiliki kecenderungan untuk memicu DA dan DA pula dapat menyebabkan stres pada anak yang mempengaruhi kualitas hidup pasien sehingga penting untuk menghindari stres pada anak.</p> 2024-06-28T23:39:06+00:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Unram Medical Journal https://journal.unram.ac.id/index.php/jku/article/view/4422 Characteristics of Diabetes Mellitus Patients in the Internal Medicine Polyclinic at Buleleng General Hospital 2024-06-30T12:11:05+00:00 Gede Ari Mahendra Mardaningrat arimahendra28@gmail.com Putu Arya Nugraha arimahendra28@gmail.com <table width="688"> <tbody> <tr> <td width="499"> <p><strong>Abstra</strong><strong>ct</strong><strong>:</strong> Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia due to impaired insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. This research is a descriptive study with a cross-sectional design. Sampling was carried out by total sampling and the total sample was 242 people. Data was obtained through the patient's electronic medical record. This research was conducted on January 14-February 23 2024. The data that has been summarized is then analyzed descriptively using the SPSS Version 16 application for statistical tests. The characteristics of DM patients undergoing treatment at the internal medicine polyclinic at Buleleng General Hospital consisted of 51.6% female, 83.4% aged 41-60 years and 29.8% came from Buleleng General. Judging from the type of treatment for DM patients undergoing treatment at the internal medicine polyclinic at Buleleng General Hospital, the majority of patients underwent treatment with intensive insulin (76.8%). Currently, the most common microvascular complication encountered in patients is neuropathy. Random blood sugar levels during treatment control at the internal medicine polyclinic were classified as good, as many as 80.2% of patients had controlled blood sugar &lt;200 mg/dL. The conclusion of this study, based on the characteristics of type 2 DM sufferers, was that the largest age group was 41-60 years old, the largest gender was female, the most frequent complication was neuropathy. The most widely used type of DM treatment is insulin. The level of achievement of DM control based on random blood sugar levels is in good condition.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> 2024-06-28T23:54:16+00:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Unram Medical Journal https://journal.unram.ac.id/index.php/jku/article/view/4574 Depresi pada Pasien Diabetes Mellitus 2024-06-30T12:11:05+00:00 Diajeng Aesya Mutiara Firdausy diajengaesya@gmail.com Emmy Amalia emmy.amalia@gmail.com <p>Depresi adalah salah satu komorbid diabetes yang jarang diketahui. Prevalensi mengenai depresi pada pasien diabetes pada orang dewasa terjadi dua kali lebih banyak dibandingkan orang yang tidak mengalami diabetes. Korelasi terjadinya depresi dan diabetes mellitus bersifat <em>bidirectional </em>yang mungkin dapat terjadi secara kebetulan atau berhubungan secara kausal. Peningkatan stress psikologis sering dianggap sebagai respons normal terhadap beban penyakit yang sedang dialami pasien pada penyakit dan pengobatannya. Depresi pada pasien diabetes mellitus memberikan dampak yang buruk bagi penderitanya. Karena efek negatif yang buruk pada kesehatan dan peningkatan komplikasi, kedua penyakit harus dikenali pada individu dan diobati secara bersamaan, untuk mengurangi depresi dan mengontrol diabetes dengan lebih baik.</p> 2024-06-29T00:18:14+00:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Unram Medical Journal https://journal.unram.ac.id/index.php/jku/article/view/4413 Gambaran Pengetahuan Santriwati Terkait Anemia dan Penggunaan Tablet Tambah Darah di Pondok Pesantren Khusus Putri Al-Halimy, Lombok Barat 2024-06-30T12:11:05+00:00 Neli Aulia Lestari nelyaulialestary182@gmail.com Candra Eka Puspitasari candrapuspitasari@unram.ac.id <p style="font-weight: 400;">Anemia adalah salah satu faktor yang dapat menyebabkan berbagai masalah kesehatan bahkan dapat menyebabkan kematian.Faktor utama yang menjadi penyebab anemia yaitu diakrenakan asupan zat besi yang kurang. Kejadian lain yang menjadi Faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap kejadian anemia antara lain gaya hidup seperti merokok, mengonsumsi minuman keras, faktor ekonomi serta &nbsp;demografi, pendidikan, usia, dan jenis kelamin. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode kuasi eksperimental dengan dilakukan <em>pre-test</em> dan <em>post-test</em> sebelum dan setelah dilakukan penyuluhan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk melihatgambaran &nbsp;perbandingan dari tingkat pengetahuan siswi mengenai anemia sebelum dan setelah dilakukan penyuluhan. Tingkat pengetahuan siswa diukur dengan dilakukan pre-test dan post-test sebelum dan setelah&nbsp; dilakukan penyuluhan. Data <em>pre-test</em> dan <em>post-test</em> yang diperoleh kemudian diolah menggunakan Microsoft Excel. Berdasarkan data nilai yang diperoleh, dapat diketahui bahwa terdapat dampak positif yang ditunjukkan dengan peningkatan pengetahuan siswi Pondok Khusus Putri Al-Halimy Lombok Barat mengenai anemia sebesar 14,69%.</p> 2024-06-29T00:26:08+00:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Unram Medical Journal https://journal.unram.ac.id/index.php/jku/article/view/4581 Ambiguous Genitalia in 46 XY Disorder of Sex Development: a Challenging Case of Partial Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome 2024-06-30T12:11:06+00:00 Muhammad Freddy Candra Sitepu muhammadfreddycandrasitepu@gmail.com Gede Made Punarbawa muhammadfreddycandrasitepu@gmail.com I Made Putra Juliawan muhammadfreddycandrasitepu@gmail.com Cok Erly Merlin muhammadfreddycandrasitepu@gmail.com <p>Ambiguous genitalia, micropenis with hypospadias-hypoplastic major labia, hypoplastic Mullerian duct, primary amenorrhea and assigned as women but a male karyotype is a clinical presentation in 46 XY disorder of sex development (DSD) due to partial androgen insensitivity syndrome (PAIS). We reported a case of ambiguous genitalia with under-masculinized male in PAIS. A case report with a literature review of ambiguous genitalia in 46 XY DSD PAIS at Nusa Tenggara Barat Academic General Hospital. A 14-year-old girl presented with ambiguous genitalia and primary amenorrhea. Physical examination revealed Tanner I breast development with Tanner IV pubic hair development, micropenis (2,9 cm) along with hypoplastic major labia, hypospadias and external urethra orifice on the superior vestibulum. Abdominal CT scan revealed a hypoplastic uterus and an indecisive interpretation between immature ovary and testicle on both side where an ovary should be found in normal female. Laboratory result revealed normal testosterone level for male (332 ng/dL), normal estrogen level for female (130 pg/mL), high LH (54,7 mIU/mL), high FSH (&gt;110 mIU/mL), and karyotyping 46 XY chromosome. We suggested comprehensive management to undergo hormonal examination, analysis gonad function, diagnostic laparoscopy for internal genitalia, DNA examination, and also with DSD team that distinguished differentials from 46 XY ovotesticular disorder, 46 XY mixed gonadal dysgenesis, and 5a-reductase type 2 deficiency. The collaborative multidisciplinary approach with appropriate expertise and communication to the parent, are needed to decision regarding gender assignment and avoiding confronted patient.</p> 2024-06-30T02:21:28+00:00 Copyright (c) 2024 Unram Medical Journal