Termination of Pregnancy with Fetal Congenital Anomalies: Moral and Bioethical Considerations

Abstract

Termination of pregnancy due to fetal congenital anomalies presents a complex issue that entails moral, ethical, and legal dilemmas. Numerous studies have shown that decisions to terminate such pregnancies are influenced not only by medical considerations, but also by cultural values, religious beliefs, and prevailing legal norms. The importance of a professional ethical approach in prenatal diagnosis and decision-making lies in balancing patient autonomy with the physician’s moral responsibility. Emotional distress experienced by parents and the need for ethically sensitive support are also crucial factors. In Indonesia, termination of pregnancy in cases of severe fetal anomalies is strictly regulated and often shaped by interpretations of religious values and social norms. Islamic perspectives and Indonesian law emphasize the protection of life, while allowing room for termination under specific circumstances. Diverse views among the public and healthcare professionals highlight the need for open dialogue that respects value pluralism. The provision of abortion services must be safe, respectful, and grounded in human rights principles. This review concludes that policies and practices regarding termination of pregnancy for congenital anomalies must be developed with careful consideration of core bioethical principles—autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice—as well as sensitivity to local moral and cultural contexts.