Active and Second Hand Smokers as Influential Factors in Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Descriptive Case Analysis

Authors

  • Dewi Masithah Departement of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nahdlatul Ulama University of Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia
  • Nanda Fadhilah Witris Salamy Departement of Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, Nahdlatul Ulama University of Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia
  • Abdul Hakim Tsalis Sisyanto Medical Doctor Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Nahdlatul Ulama University of Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia
  • Ain Darojah Siddiq Ramadhana

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29303/jk.v15i1.8088

Keywords:

pulmonary tuberculosis, smoking behavior, descriptive analysis, risk factors, Surabaya

Abstract

Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is a major global health problem, and Indonesia ranks second worldwide in TB incidence. Smoking has been identified as a key behavioral risk factor that increases susceptibility to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. This study aimed to describe the smoking behavior of pulmonary TB patients at RSI Surabaya Jemursari. A descriptive analytic study was conducted on 117 pulmonary TB patients registered in 2023. Data were collected from medical records and included demographic characteristics and smoking history. Smoking behavior was categorized into smoker type (active or passive), frequency (light or heavy), and duration (short-term or long-term). The results showed that most patients were active smokers (70.9%), the majority were light smokers (59.0%), and most had smoked for more than one year (76.9%). These findings confirm that smoking is highly prevalent among pulmonary TB patients and represents an important risk factor for TB in hospital-based settings. It is recommended that smoking cessation programs be integrated into TB management at both hospital and community levels to support improved treatment outcomes and contribute to national TB elimination efforts.

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Published

2026-03-31

Issue

Vol. 15 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Kedokteran Unram

Section

Articles

License

Copyright (c) 2026 Dewi Masithah, Nanda Fadhilah Witris Salamy, Abdul Hakim Tsalis Sisyanto, Ain Darojah Siddiq Ramadhana

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