Narkosis Nitrogen : Penurunan Kesadaran Pada Penyelam
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29303/jk.v14i3.7618Keywords:
Narkosis nitrogen, Penyelaman scuba, Fisiologi hiperbarik, Tekanan parsial, Gangguan neurologisAbstract
Abstract: Narkosis nitrogen adalah gangguan neurologis reversibel yang terjadi akibat peningkatan tekanan parsial nitrogen selama penyelaman dalam dengan scuba. Meskipun nitrogen merupakan gas inert yang menyusun sekitar 79% udara atmosfer, pada tekanan tinggi gas ini mudah larut ke dalam jaringan tubuh, terutama jaringan saraf yang kaya lemak, sesuai dengan hukum kelarutan gas. Kondisi ini dapat menyebabkan gangguan fungsi kognitif dan motorik, seperti euforia, penurunan kemampuan berpikir, reaksi lambat, hingga halusinasi atau hilangnya kesadaran pada kedalaman ekstrem. Tujuan tinjauan ini adalah untuk memberikan gambaran komprehensif mengenai mekanisme kerja, faktor risiko, manifestasi klinis, dan strategi pencegahan narkosis nitrogen. Pencegahan mencakup pembatasan kedalaman penyelaman, serta peningkatan pelatihan dan kesadaran penyelam. Upaya edukasi dan infrastruktur keselamatan yang memadai sangat penting untuk menurunkan risiko dan dampak fatal akibat narkosis nitrogen.
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