Tumor Stroma Gastrointestinal: dari Definisi hingga Prognosis – Literatur Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29303/jk.v14i1.5394Keywords:
Gastrointestinal stromal tumor, GIST, Intertitial cajal cell, TumorAbstract
Tumor stroma gastrointestinal (Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor/GIST) adalah tumor ganas mesenkim yang berasal dari sel interstisial Cajal di saluran pencernaan, terutama pada lambung dan usus halus. GIST umumnya disebabkan oleh mutasi pada gen KIT atau PDGFRA, yang memicu proliferasi sel secara tidak terkendali melalui aktivasi jalur pensinyalan intraseluler. Ekspresi antigen CD117 (C-Kit) juga terkait dengan pertumbuhan tumor ini. Gejala GIST bervariasi, termasuk perdarahan, nyeri perut, dan obstruksi saluran cerna, yang sering menyebabkan keterlambatan diagnosis. Pendeteksian GIST biasanya dilakukan melalui pencitraan seperti CT scan atau MRI. Terapi utama terdiri dari pembedahan dan terapi target menggunakan imatinib mesylate untuk mengatasi mutasi spesifik. Prognosis GIST sangat bergantung pada ukuran tumor, lokasi, dan adanya metastasis, dengan deteksi dini berperan penting dalam memperbaiki harapan hidup pasien. Pemahaman yang lebih baik mengenai etiologi, patogenesis, dan terapi GIST sangat dibutuhkan untuk mendukung diagnosis dini dan manajemen yang lebih efektif.Downloads
Published
2025-03-30
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