A Tata Laksana Diabetes Melitus Tipe 1 dengan Ketoasidos Diabetik pada Anak: A Case Series

Abstract

Abstract: The incidence of children with Type-1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) is increasing both worldwide and in Indonesia. According to the Indonesian Pediatrician Association (IDAI), as many as 1220 children in Indonesia had kind TIDM in 2018. Potentially life-threatening complication of type T1DM is Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA). Diabetic ketoasidosis is a terminal condition in metabolic abnormalities caused by severe insulin deficiency. Patients with Down’s syndrome (DS) have an increased risk of developing autoimmune diseases such as Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM). This is a rare case of a Down’s syndrom patient with a clinical profile of severe malnutrition, which can lead to serious complication. T1DM also has a significant risk of mortality due to potential complications such as acute renal failure (ARF)/acute kidney injury (AKI). Acute kidney failure is defined as sudden loss of kidney function, resulting in decreased glomerular filtration  rate (GFR). The causes of acute kidney failure can be divided into pre-renal, renal, and/or post-renal and can be secondary  to other conditions, such as diabetic ketoacidosis.