ASPEK IMUNOLOGI PERAN HOMOSISTEIN DALAM PATOGENESIS GANGGUAN KOGNITIF PASCA STROKE

Authors

  • Herpan Syafii Harahap Fakuktas Kedokteran Univeristas Mataram

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29303/jk.v9i3.4364

Keywords:

Hiperhomosisteinemia, stroke iskemik, neuroinflamasi, proses neurodegeneratif, gangguan kognitif

Abstract

Sekitar 70% pasien stroke iskemik akut mengalami gangguan kognitif dapat terjadi akibat langsung dari stroke iskemik itu sendiri atau merupakan interaksi dari stroke iskemik dan faktor-faktor risiko yang menyertainya. Kondisi hiperhomosisteinemia merupakan salah satu faktor risiko vaskuler yang secara patofisiologik dapat menyebabkan terjadinya gangguan kognitif pasca stroke iskemik. Kondisi tersebut dapat terjadi karena peningkatan rasio SAM/SAH akibat diet tinggi kadar methionin, predisposisi genetik berupa mutasi gen pengkode enzim, dan defisiensi vitamin B6 dan asam folat. Peran homosistein dalam patogenesis terjadinya gangguan kognitif pasca stroke saat ini belum banyak diteliti. Homosistein bersifat toksik dan dapat menginduksi terjadinya respon inflamasi sistemik, disrupsi sawar darah otak, neuroinflamasi, dan kematian sel-sel neuronal yang mengarah pada proses neurodegeneratif. Proses neurodegeneratif pada struktur otak yang mengemban fungsi domain kognitif tertentu akan menyebabkan terganggunya fungsi dari domain kognitif tersebut. Pemahaman aspek imunologi peran homosistein dalam terjadinya gangguan fungsi kognitif pada pasien stroke iskemik tersebut dapat memberikan celah kemungkinan intervensi terhadap homosistein dan respon imunologis yang ditimbulkannya sebagai bagian dari tatalaksana optimal terhadap gangguan kognitif pasca stroke iskemik.

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Published

2020-09-30

Issue

Vol. 9 No. 3 (2020): Jurnal Kedokteran

Section

Articles

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