Design of Internet Things (Iot) Based Temperature Control System on Pagoda Mustard (Brassica Narinosa L.) in Plant Factory

Abstract

A plant factory is a closed cultivation system that requires optimal microclimate control, particularly temperature. This study aims to design and implement an Internet of Things (IoT)-based temperature control system to support the growth of pagoda mustard (Brassica narinosa L.). Sensor calibration showed high accuracy, with a MAPE value below 2%. The system is built using an ESP8266 microcontroller, DHT22 and LDR sensors, and an exhaust fan that is automatically controlled. The fan activates when the temperature exceeds 30 ℃ and turns off when it falls below 30 ℃. Environmental data is displayed via the MQTT Dashboard and recorded in Google Sheets. During 30 days of testing with measurements taken three times a day, the system maintained an average temperature within the optimal range of 28–30 ℃. The system effectively stabilizes the growing environment and positively impacts plant development. Future development of this system could focus on integrating a cooling mechanism to ensure the temperature consistently meets the optimal conditions for plant growth.