Lombok Journal Of Urology

A CHALLENGING DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF PRIMARY BLADDER ADENOCARCINOMA: LITERATURE REVIEW

Badrul Islamy — 2023-08-03

Bladder adenocarcinoma is a histological variant that only represents 0.5-2% of cases. The bladder cancer is expected to affect one in 27 men and one in 89 women over the course of their lifetime, with a lifetime risk of approximately 2.2% in the general population in the united states. The bladder can develop primary or secondary adenocarcinomas, with secondary adenocarcinomas being more frequent than primary adenocarcinomas. The primary bladder adenocarcinoma falls into two broad categories: urachal and non-urachal. Patients with non- urachal primary bladder adenocarcinoma appear to have a worse prognosis than those with urachal adenocarcinoma. It is essential to know better about the diagnosis, current treatment and prognosis of the primary bladder adenocarcinoma. Here we describe the article review regarding the primary bladder adenocarcinoma

MANAGEMENT OF OVERACTIVE BLADDER: LITERATURE REVIEW

Claresta Salsabila Putri Evianto — 2023-08-03

Overactive bladder (OAB) syndrome is a common condition characterized by urinary urgency, with or without urgency incontinence, frequency and nocturia, in the absence of any other pathology. Clinical diagnosis based upon patient self-reported symptoms. Currently there are plenty of treatments available for the management of OAB. Clinical guidelines suggest treatment via a multidisciplinary pathway including behavioural therapy and pharmacotherapy, which can be commenced in primary care, with referral to specialist services in those patients refractory to these treatments. Intradetrusor botulinum A and sacral neuromodulation provide safe and efficacious management of refractory OAB. Percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation and augmentation cystoplasty remain available and efficacious in a select group of patients. Unfortunately, there remains a high rate of patient dissatisfaction and discontinuation in all treatments and thus there remains a need for emerging therapies in the management of OAB.

OPEN PROSTATECTOMY FOR BENIGN PROSTATE HYPERPLASIA: A CASE REPORT

Claresta Salsabila Putri Evianto — 2023-08-03

Background: Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) is the most common pathological condition in many middle-aged and elderly men that causes Lower Urinary Tract Syndrome (LUTS). Several surgical options for BPH are Transurethral Resection of Prostate (TURP) and Open Prostatectomy. Prostate volume is an important factor in choosing a suitable modality. In Indonesia, the prevalance of open prostatectomy is quite rare, but this surgical option remains the first choice, especially for prostates with a large size of more than 80 grams.

Case Summary: A 74-year-old male patient complained of urination that was felt since 1 day ago, the intermittent urination experienced since 1 month ago and when urinating the patient must force himself so that the urine comes out and the patient feels dissatisfied when urinating. The digital rectal examination showed that the anal sphincter clamped on the anterior mucosa was palpated with a mass of 3-4 cm with a consistency of flat surface, firm boundary, the apex was difficult to achieve. No palpable nodules and no hands and blood in the handscoon. And on prostate ultrasound examination and prostate enlargement results obtained with 189.89 cc prostate volume. Open prostatectomy surgery is performed.

Conclusion: Open prostatectomy surgery is removing all prostate tissue so that there is no more prostate tissue obstructs when urinating. In this operation, an open prostatectomy is performed by removing all prostate tissue. The results after surgery the patient's condition improved, it was not difficult during urination and complications after the operation was not obtained.

Keywords: Bening Prostatic Hyperplasia, diagnostic of BPH, open prostatectomy

URINARY BLADDER DIVERTICULUM MANAGEMENT: LITERATURE REVIEW

akhada maulana — 2023-08-03

The bladder urothelium herniating through the muscularis propria of the bladder wall is known as a bladder diverticulum. Both congenital and acquired bladder diverticulum are possible. They occasionally have iatrogenic causes in adulthood and are frequently linked to obstruction of the bladder outlet. Although they are frequently seen in males with bladder obstruction, the majority of diverticula are small and only need the same management as outlet obstructions. Recurrent urinary tract infection (UTIs), stones, tumors, ureteral blockage, and symptoms of insufficient bladder emptying are all indications for surgery. The type of surgery chosen depends on how much the patient's condition is due to the bladder diverticulum, as established by cystoscopy, urodynamics, and upper tract imaging.

RADICAL CYSTECTOMY ON A YOUNG MALE LOMBOKNESE BLADDER ADENOCARCINOMA PATIENT: A CASE REPORT

akhada maulana — 2023-08-03

Background: Bladder Cancer is a common malignancy in the world, mostly with Urothelial (Transitional Cell) Carcinoma type pathological result. Adenocarcinoma is one of rare cases in histological variant of bladder cancer. It could be primary or secondary due to metastatic of primary organ.^1,2

Case Presentation: A 30 years old Lomboknese male was admitted to West Nusa Tenggara Province General Hospital with history of TURBT and partial cystectomy due to bladder adenocarcinoma 8 months before. On abdominal ct scan result was found recurrent cancer with infiltrating to adjacent organ. Patient then performed radical cystectomy with ileal conduit. Intra operatively, we found recurrent bladder mass that had infiltrated the colon, then we consulted to digestive surgeon to perform end to end anastomosis colorectal resection. Patient was treated in ICU for 3 days, then moved to general ward with functional ileal conduit diversion.

Discussion: Patient with history of partial cystectomy need to be aware in follow up especially with MSCT Abdomen evaluation.^1,2 Radical cystectomy is preferred than partial cystectomy for bladder adenocarcinoma to prevent recurrency. Ileal conduit is one of the options in the urinary diversion.^3,4,5

Conclusion: Patient underwent radical cystectomy and ileal conduit due to recurrence bladder adenocarcinoma post partial cystectomy. Patient was well monitored in ICU and had well functional of urinary diversion.

Keywords: Bladder Adenocarcinoma, Radical Cystectomy, Partial Cystectomy, Recurrence Bladder Tumor

CARDIOTOXICITY CAUSED BY INTRAVESICAL DOXORUBICIN (DOX) AFTER TURBT: A CASE REPORT

Moh Ilham Akbar — 2023-08-03

Abstract

Introduction: Transurethral resection of bladder tumors (TURBT) remains the gold standard therapy for diagnosing and treating Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer (NMIBC). Post-operative intravesical chemotherapy with doxorubicin (DOX) is recommended to reduce recurrence. However, its cardiotoxic effects are underappreciated. The purpose of this case report is to raise awareness of the cardiotoxic effects of DOX during the treatment of bladder cancer.